WINTERING IN THE ARCTIC

When foraging becomes unprofitable: energetics of diving in tidal currents by common eiders wintering in the Arctic

A variety of ecological, physiological and environmental factors influence the energy budgets of diving animals. For common eiders Somateria mollissima sedentaria wintering in sea ice habitats in the Canadian Arctic, time and energy costs of diving increase exponentially with tidal current speed. Here we use literature estimates of diving energetics and underwater dive data to quantitatively mo...

Interactions between rate processes with different timescales explain counterintuitive foraging patterns of arctic wintering eiders.

To maximize fitness, animals must respond to a variety of processes that operate at different rates or timescales. Appropriate decisions could therefore involve complex interactions among these processes. For example, eiders wintering in the arctic sea ice must consider locomotion and physiology of diving for benthic invertebrates, digestive processing rate and a nonlinear decrease in profitabi...

Aspergillosis in wintering mallards.

the u.s. policy in central asia and its impact on the colored revolutions in the region (the case study of tulip revolution in kyrgyzstan)

چکیده ندارد.

Resource use for reproduction depends on spring arrival time and wintering area in an arctic breeding shorebird

Resources for egg production may come from body reserves stored before breeding (‘‘capital breeders’’) or from food acquired at the breeding site (‘‘income breeders’’). Arctic migrants were long thought to be capital breeders, because they often arrive at a time when local food availability is still limited. However, later evidence suggested that arctic breeding shorebirds are primarily income ...